diff --git a/lib/_launch.php b/lib/_launch.php
index d551c96..b59b5f3 100755
--- a/lib/_launch.php
+++ b/lib/_launch.php
@@ -1,13 +1,26 @@
 #!/usr/bin/php
 <?php
-require $_composer_autoload_path?? __DIR__.'/../vendor/autoload.php';
+$internalUse = $argv[1] ?? null;
+if ($internalUse !== "--internal-use") exit("Wrong args");
+$paramsfile = $argv[2] ?? null;
+if (!file_exists($paramsfile)) exit("bad params file");
+$argc -= 2;
+$argv = array_merge(
+  array_slice($argv, 0, 1),
+  array_slice($argv, 3),
+);
+
+$app_params = unserialize(file_get_contents($paramsfile));
+require $app_params["vendor"]["autoload"];
 
 use nur\cli\Application;
 use nur\sery\wip\app\app;
 use nur\sery\app\launcher;
 use nur\yaml;
 
-Application::run(new class extends Application {
+class _LaunchApp extends Application {
+  const NAME = "_launch";
+
   const ACTION_INFOS = 0, ACTION_START = 1, ACTION_STOP = 2;
 
   const ARGS = [
@@ -44,8 +57,7 @@ Application::run(new class extends Application {
       self::die("Cette application ne supporte pas l'usage de runfile");
     }
 
-    $app = app::with($appClass);
-    $runfile = $app->getRunfile();
+    $runfile = app::with($appClass, self::$internal_use_app_params)->getRunfile();
     switch ($this->action) {
     case self::ACTION_START:
       launcher::_start($args, $runfile);
@@ -58,4 +70,6 @@ Application::run(new class extends Application {
       break;
     }
   }
-});
+}
+_LaunchApp::internal_use_set_app_params($app_params);
+_LaunchApp::run();
diff --git a/nur_src/cli/Application.php b/nur_src/cli/Application.php
index da0db40..99e212c 100644
--- a/nur_src/cli/Application.php
+++ b/nur_src/cli/Application.php
@@ -19,9 +19,20 @@ use nur\sery\output\std\StdMessenger;
  * Class Application: application de base
  */
 abstract class Application {
+  protected static ?array $internal_use_app_params = null;
+
+  static function internal_use_set_app_params($params) {
+    self::$internal_use_app_params = $params;
+  }
+
   /** @var string répertoire du projet (celui qui contient composer.json */
   const PROJDIR = null;
 
+  /**
+   * @var array répertoires vendor exprimés relativement à PROJDIR
+   */
+  const VENDOR = null;
+
   /**
    * @var string code du projet, utilisé pour dériver le noms de certains des
    * paramètres extraits de l'environnement, e.g XXX_DATADIR si le projet a pour
@@ -85,7 +96,7 @@ abstract class Application {
       if ($projdir == "/") break;
     }
 
-    app::init(static::class);
+    app::init(static::class, self::$internal_use_app_params);
     nmsg::set_messenger(new StdMessenger([
       "min_level" => nmsg::DEBUG,
     ]));
@@ -124,9 +135,8 @@ abstract class Application {
     $unlock = false;
     $stop = false;
     register_shutdown_function(function () use (&$unlock, &$stop) {
-      $runfile = app::get()->getRunfile();
-      if ($unlock) $runfile->release();
-      if ($stop) $runfile->wfStop();
+      if ($unlock) app::get()->getRunfile()->release();
+      if ($stop) app::get()->getRunfile()->wfStop();
     });
     try {
       static::_app_init();
diff --git a/src/app/RunFile.php b/src/app/RunFile.php
index 33b036b..0e9fdc1 100644
--- a/src/app/RunFile.php
+++ b/src/app/RunFile.php
@@ -175,14 +175,14 @@ class RunFile {
     if ($data["date_stop"] !== null) return false;
     if (!posix_kill($data["pid"], 0)) {
       switch (posix_get_last_error()) {
-      case PCNTL_ESRCH:
-        # process inexistant
-        return false;
-      case PCNTL_EPERM:
+      case 1: #PCNTL_EPERM:
         # process auquel on n'a pas accès?! est-ce un autre process qui a
         # réutilisé le PID?
         return false;
-      case PCNTL_EINVAL:
+      case 3: #PCNTL_ESRCH:
+        # process inexistant
+        return false;
+      case 22: #PCNTL_EINVAL:
         # ne devrait pas se produire
         return false;
       }
@@ -281,14 +281,14 @@ class RunFile {
     $pid ??= $data["pid"];
     if (!posix_kill($pid, 0)) {
       switch (posix_get_last_error()) {
-      case PCNTL_ESRCH:
-        # process inexistant
-        return true;
-      case PCNTL_EPERM:
+      case 1: #PCNTL_EPERM:
         # process auquel on n'a pas accès?! est-ce un autre process qui a
         # réutilisé le PID?
         return false;
-      case PCNTL_EINVAL:
+      case 3: #PCNTL_ESRCH:
+        # process inexistant
+        return true;
+      case 22: #PCNTL_EINVAL:
         # ne devrait pas se produire
         return false;
       }
diff --git a/src/app/launcher.php b/src/app/launcher.php
index f1cea96..73066d5 100644
--- a/src/app/launcher.php
+++ b/src/app/launcher.php
@@ -1,21 +1,32 @@
 <?php
 namespace nur\sery\app;
 
+use nur\sery\file\TmpfileWriter;
 use nur\sery\os\proc\Cmd;
 use nur\sery\output\msg;
 use nur\sery\StateException;
+use nur\sery\wip\app\app;
 
 class launcher {
   static function launch(string $appClass, ...$args): int {
-    global $_composer_bin_dir;
-    if (isset($_composer_bin_dir)) {
-      $launch_php = "$_composer_bin_dir/_launch.php";
-    } else {
+    $app = app::get();
+    $vendorBindir = $app->getVendorbindir();
+    $launch_php = "$vendorBindir/_launch.php";
+    if (!file_exists($launch_php)) {
       $launch_php = __DIR__."/../../lib/_launch.php";
     }
-    $cmd = new Cmd([$launch_php, $appClass, ...$args]);
-    //$cmd->addRedir("null");
+    $tmpfile = new TmpfileWriter();
+    $tmpfile->serialize($app->getParams());
+
+    $cmd = new Cmd([
+      $launch_php,
+      "--internal-use", $tmpfile->getFile(),
+      $appClass, ...$args,
+    ]);
+    $cmd->addRedir("null");
     $cmd->passthru($exitcode);
+
+    $tmpfile->close();
     return $exitcode;
   }
 
@@ -37,7 +48,6 @@ class launcher {
         # puis lancer la commande
         $cmd = new Cmd($args);
         #XXX fichier de log?
-        #XXX charger /g/init.env
         $cmd->addSource("/g/init.env");
         $cmd->addRedir("null");
         $cmd->fork_exec($exitcode);
diff --git a/src/os/proc/AbstractCmd.php b/src/os/proc/AbstractCmd.php
index ee3ee17..d11f7b1 100644
--- a/src/os/proc/AbstractCmd.php
+++ b/src/os/proc/AbstractCmd.php
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ abstract class AbstractCmd implements ICmd {
   function addSource(?string $source, bool $onlyIfExists=true): void {
     if ($source === null) return;
     if (!$onlyIfExists || file_exists($source)) {
-      $source = implode(" ", ["source", sh::quote($source)]);
+      $source = implode(" ", [".", sh::quote($source)]);
       $this->sources[] = $source;
     }
   }
@@ -200,7 +200,9 @@ abstract class AbstractCmd implements ICmd {
    * composition de plusieurs commandes
    */
   protected function useExec(): bool {
-    return $this->vars === null && count($this->cmds) == 1;
+    return $this->sources === null
+      && $this->vars === null
+      && count($this->cmds) == 1;
   }
 
   function fork_exec(int &$retcode=null): bool {
diff --git a/src/os/sh.php b/src/os/sh.php
index 3508c36..5b46bfd 100644
--- a/src/os/sh.php
+++ b/src/os/sh.php
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 namespace nur\sery\os;
 
 use nur\sery\cl;
+use nur\sery\StateException;
 use RuntimeException;
 
 class sh {
@@ -144,19 +145,19 @@ class sh {
     $pid = pcntl_fork();
     if ($pid == -1) {
       // parent, impossible de forker
-      throw new RuntimeException("unable to fork");
+      throw new StateException("unable to fork");
     } elseif ($pid) {
       // parent, fork ok
       pcntl_waitpid($pid, $status);
-      if (pcntl_wifexited($status)) {
-        $retcode = pcntl_wexitstatus($status);
-      } else {
-        $retcode = 127;
-      }
+      if (pcntl_wifexited($status)) $retcode = pcntl_wexitstatus($status);
+      else $retcode = 127;
       return $retcode == 0;
     }
     // child, fork ok
-    pcntl_exec("/bin/sh", ["-c", $cmd]);
+    $shell = "/bin/bash";
+    if (!file_exists($shell)) $shell = "/bin/sh";
+    $shell = "/bin/sh";
+    pcntl_exec($shell, ["-c", $cmd]);
     return false;
   }
 
diff --git a/src/wip/app/app.php b/src/wip/app/app.php
index a3520b9..ab993f9 100644
--- a/src/wip/app/app.php
+++ b/src/wip/app/app.php
@@ -5,112 +5,172 @@ namespace nur\sery\wip\app;
 use nur\cli\Application;
 use nur\sery\app\LockFile;
 use nur\sery\app\RunFile;
+use nur\sery\cl;
 use nur\sery\os\path;
 use nur\sery\os\sh;
 use nur\sery\str;
 use nur\sery\ValueException;
 
 class app {
+  /**
+   * @var array répertoires vendor exprimés relativement à PROJDIR
+   */
+  const DEFAULT_VENDOR = [
+    "bindir" => "vendor/bin",
+    "autoload" => "vendor/autoload.php",
+  ];
+
   private static function isa_Application($app): bool {
     if (!is_string($app)) return false;
     return $app === Application::class || is_subclass_of($app, Application::class);
   }
 
+  private static function verifix_name(string &$name): void {
+    # si $name est une classe, enlever le package et normaliser
+    $name = preg_replace('/.*\\\\/', "", $name);
+    $name = str::without_suffix("-app", str::camel2us($name, false, "-"));
+  }
+
   /** @param Application|string */
-  static function with($app): self {
+  static function with($app, ?array $internal_use_params=null): self {
     if ($app instanceof Application) {
-      $projdir = $app::PROJDIR;
-      $appcode = $app::APPCODE;
-      $name = $app::NAME;
-      $title = $app::TITLE;
-      $datadir = $app::DATADIR;
-      $etcdir = $app::ETCDIR;
-      $vardir = $app::VARDIR;
-      $logdir = $app::LOGDIR;
+      $params = [
+        "projdir" => $app::PROJDIR,
+        "vendor" => $app::VENDOR,
+        "appcode" => $app::APPCODE,
+        "apptype" => "cli",
+        "name" => $app::NAME,
+        "title" => $app::TITLE,
+        "datadir" => $app::DATADIR,
+        "etcdir" => $app::ETCDIR,
+        "vardir" => $app::VARDIR,
+        "logdir" => $app::LOGDIR,
+      ];
     } elseif (self::isa_Application($app)) {
-      $projdir = constant("$app::PROJDIR");
-      $appcode = constant("$app::APPCODE");
-      $name = constant("$app::NAME");
-      $title = constant("$app::TITLE");
-      $datadir = constant("$app::DATADIR");
-      $etcdir = constant("$app::ETCDIR");
-      $vardir = constant("$app::VARDIR");
-      $logdir = constant("$app::LOGDIR");
+      $params = [
+        "projdir" => constant("$app::PROJDIR"),
+        "vendor" => constant("$app::VENDOR"),
+        "appcode" => constant("$app::APPCODE"),
+        "apptype" => "cli",
+        "name" => constant("$app::NAME"),
+        "title" => constant("$app::TITLE"),
+        "datadir" => constant("$app::DATADIR"),
+        "etcdir" => constant("$app::ETCDIR"),
+        "vardir" => constant("$app::VARDIR"),
+        "logdir" => constant("$app::LOGDIR"),
+      ];
     } elseif (is_array($app)) {
-      return new static($app);
+      $params = $app;
     } else {
       throw ValueException::invalid_type($app, Application::class);
     }
-    return new static([
-      "projdir" => $projdir,
-      "appcode" => $appcode,
-      "apptype" => "cli",
-      "name" => $name,
-      "title" => $title,
-      "datadir" => $datadir,
-      "etcdir" => $etcdir,
-      "vardir" => $vardir,
-      "logdir" => $logdir,
-    ]);
+    if ($internal_use_params !== null) {
+      $params = array_merge($internal_use_params, cl::selectm($params, [
+        "name",
+        "title",
+      ], [
+        "apptype" => "cli",
+      ]));
+      self::verifix_name($params["name"]);
+    }
+    return new static($params, $internal_use_params !== null);
   }
 
   protected static ?app $app = null;
 
-  static function init($app): void {
-    self::$app = static::with($app);
+  static function init($app, ?array $internal_use_params=null): void {
+    self::$app = static::with($app, $internal_use_params);
   }
 
   static function get(): self {
     return self::$app ??= new self(null);
   }
 
-  function __construct(?array $params) {
-    $this->projdir = $projdir = path::abspath($params["projdir"] ?? ".");
-    $this->appcode = $appcode = $params["appcode"] ?? "app";
-    $this->apptype = $apptype = $params["apptype"] ?? "cli";
-    $name = $params["name"] ?? null;
-    if ($name === null) {
-      $name = $appcode;
+  function __construct(?array $params, bool $internalUse_asis=false) {
+    if ($internalUse_asis) {
+      [
+        "projdir" => $this->projdir,
+        "vendor" => $this->vendor,
+        "appcode" => $this->appcode,
+        "apptype" => $this->apptype,
+        "name" => $this->name,
+        "title" => $this->title,
+        "profile" => $this->profile,
+        "cwd" => $this->cwd,
+        "datadir" => $this->datadir,
+        "etcdir" => $this->etcdir,
+        "vardir" => $this->vardir,
+        "logdir" => $this->logdir,
+      ] = $params;
     } else {
-      # si $name est une classe, enlever le package et normaliser
-      $name = $params["name"] ?? $appcode;
-      $name = preg_replace('/.*\\\\/', "", $name);
-      $name = str::without_suffix("-app", str::camel2us($name, false, "-"));
+      $this->projdir = $projdir = path::abspath($params["projdir"] ?? ".");
+      $vendor = $params["vendor"] ?? self::DEFAULT_VENDOR;
+      $vendor["bindir"] = path::reljoin($projdir, $vendor["bindir"]);
+      $vendor["autoload"] = path::reljoin($projdir, $vendor["autoload"]);
+      $this->vendor = $vendor;
+      $this->appcode = $appcode = $params["appcode"] ?? "app";
+      $this->apptype = $apptype = $params["apptype"] ?? "cli";
+      $name = $params["name"] ?? null;
+      if ($name === null) {
+        $name = $appcode;
+      } else {
+        # si $name est une classe, enlever le package et normaliser
+        $name = preg_replace('/.*\\\\/', "", $name);
+        $name = str::without_suffix("-app", str::camel2us($name, false, "-"));
+      }
+      $this->name = $name;
+      $this->title = $params["title"] ?? null;
+      $appcode = strtoupper($appcode);
+      # profile
+      $profile = getenv("${appcode}_PROFILE");
+      if ($profile === false) $profile = getenv("APP_PROFILE");
+      if ($profile === false) $profile = $params["profile"] ?? null;
+      if ($profile === null) {
+        if (file_exists("$projdir/.default-profile-devel")) $profile = "devel";
+        else $profile = "prod";
+      }
+      $this->profile = $profile;
+      # cwd
+      $this->cwd = getcwd();
+      # datadir
+      $datadir = getenv("${appcode}_DATADIR");
+      if ($datadir === false) $datadir = $params["datadir"] ?? null;
+      if ($datadir === null) $datadir = "devel/$apptype";
+      $this->datadir = $datadir = path::reljoin($projdir, $datadir);
+      # etcdir
+      $etcdir = getenv("${appcode}_ETCDIR");
+      if ($etcdir === false) $etcdir = $params["etcdir"] ?? null;
+      if ($etcdir === null) $etcdir = "etc";
+      $this->etcdir = $etcdir = path::reljoin($datadir, $etcdir);
+      # vardir
+      $vardir = getenv("${appcode}_VARDIR");
+      if ($vardir === false) $vardir = $params["vardir"] ?? null;
+      if ($vardir === null) $vardir = "var";
+      $this->vardir = $vardir = path::reljoin($datadir, $vardir);
+      # logdir
+      $logdir = getenv("${appcode}_LOGDIR");
+      if ($logdir === false) $logdir = $params["logdir"] ?? null;
+      if ($logdir === null) $logdir = "log";
+      $this->logdir = $logdir = path::reljoin($datadir, $logdir);
     }
-    $this->name = $name;
-    $this->title = $params["title"] ?? null;
-    $appcode = strtoupper($appcode);
-    # profile
-    $profile = getenv("${appcode}_PROFILE");
-    if ($profile === false) $profile = getenv("APP_PROFILE");
-    if ($profile === false) $profile = $params["profile"] ?? null;
-    if ($profile === null) {
-      if (file_exists("$projdir/.default-profile-devel")) $profile = "devel";
-      else $profile = "prod";
-    }
-    $this->profile = $profile;
-    # cwd
-    $this->cwd = getcwd();
-    # datadir
-    $datadir = getenv("${appcode}_DATADIR");
-    if ($datadir === false) $datadir = $params["datadir"] ?? null;
-    if ($datadir === null) $datadir = "devel/$apptype";
-    $this->datadir = $datadir = path::reljoin($projdir, $datadir);
-    # etcdir
-    $etcdir = getenv("${appcode}_ETCDIR");
-    if ($etcdir === false) $etcdir = $params["etcdir"] ?? null;
-    if ($etcdir === null) $etcdir = "etc";
-    $this->etcdir = $etcdir = path::reljoin($datadir, $etcdir);
-    # vardir
-    $vardir = getenv("${appcode}_VARDIR");
-    if ($vardir === false) $vardir = $params["vardir"] ?? null;
-    if ($vardir === null) $vardir = "var";
-    $this->vardir = $vardir = path::reljoin($datadir, $vardir);
-    # logdir
-    $logdir = getenv("${appcode}_LOGDIR");
-    if ($logdir === false) $logdir = $params["logdir"] ?? null;
-    if ($logdir === null) $logdir = "log";
-    $this->logdir = $logdir = path::reljoin($datadir, $logdir);
+  }
+
+  /** recréer le tableau des paramètres */
+  function getParams(): array {
+    return [
+      "projdir" => $this->projdir,
+      "vendor" => $this->vendor,
+      "appcode" => $this->appcode,
+      "apptype" => $this->apptype,
+      "name" => $this->name,
+      "title" => $this->title,
+      "profile" => $this->profile,
+      "cwd" => $this->cwd,
+      "datadir" => $this->datadir,
+      "etcdir" => $this->etcdir,
+      "vardir" => $this->vardir,
+      "logdir" => $this->logdir,
+    ];
   }
 
   protected string $projdir;
@@ -119,6 +179,16 @@ class app {
     return $this->projdir;
   }
 
+  protected array $vendor;
+
+  function getVendorBindir(): string {
+    return $this->vendor["bindir"];
+  }
+
+  function getVendorAutoload(): string {
+    return $this->vendor["autoload"];
+  }
+
   protected string $appcode;
 
   function getAppcode(): string {