diff --git a/nur_src/cli/Application.php b/nur_src/cli/Application.php
index e0906c8..da0db40 100644
--- a/nur_src/cli/Application.php
+++ b/nur_src/cli/Application.php
@@ -124,27 +124,27 @@ abstract class Application {
     $unlock = false;
     $stop = false;
     register_shutdown_function(function () use (&$unlock, &$stop) {
-      $self = app::get();
-      if ($unlock) $self->getLockfile()->release();
-      if ($stop) $self->getRunfile()->stop();
+      $runfile = app::get()->getRunfile();
+      if ($unlock) $runfile->release();
+      if ($stop) $runfile->wfStop();
     });
     try {
       static::_app_init();
       if (static::USE_RUNFILE) {
-        $self = app::get();
+        $runfile = app::get()->getRunfile();
         global $argc, $argv;
         if ($argc === 2 && $argv[1] === "--Application-Runlock-release") {
-          $self->getLockfile()->release();
+          $runfile->release();
           exit(0);
         }
         $useRunlock = static::USE_RUNLOCK;
-        if ($useRunlock && $self->getLockfile()->warnIfLocked()) {
+        if ($useRunlock && $runfile->warnIfLocked()) {
           exit(1);
         }
-        $self->getRunfile()->start();
+        $runfile->wfStart();
         $stop = true;
         if ($useRunlock) {
-          $self->getLockfile()->lock();
+          $runfile->lock();
           $unlock = true;
         }
       }
diff --git a/src/A.php b/src/A.php
index 8cfafdb..225f668 100644
--- a/src/A.php
+++ b/src/A.php
@@ -63,4 +63,36 @@ class A {
   static final function mpselect(?array &$dest, ?array $merge, ?array $pkeys): void {
     $dest = cl::mpselect($dest, $merge, $pkeys);
   }
+
+  static final function append_nn(?array &$dest, $value, $key=null) {
+    if ($value !== null) {
+      if ($key === null) $dest[] = $value;
+      else $dest[$key] = $value;
+    }
+    return $value;
+  }
+
+  static final function append_nz(?array &$dest, $value, $key=null) {
+    if ($value !== null && $value !== false) {
+      if ($key === null) $dest[] = $value;
+      else $dest[$key] = $value;
+    }
+    return $value;
+  }
+
+  static final function prepend_nn(?array &$dest, $value) {
+    if ($value !== null) {
+      if ($dest === null) $dest = [];
+      array_unshift($dest, $value);
+    }
+    return $value;
+  }
+
+  static final function prepend_nz(?array &$dest, $value) {
+    if ($value !== null && $value !== false) {
+      if ($dest === null) $dest = [];
+      array_unshift($dest, $value);
+    }
+    return $value;
+  }
 }
diff --git a/src/app/RunFile.php b/src/app/RunFile.php
index b5a5ae4..33b036b 100644
--- a/src/app/RunFile.php
+++ b/src/app/RunFile.php
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ namespace nur\sery\app;
 use nur\sery\cl;
 use nur\sery\file\SharedFile;
 use nur\sery\os\path;
+use nur\sery\output\msg;
 use nur\sery\php\time\DateTime;
 use nur\sery\str;
 
@@ -43,9 +44,15 @@ class RunFile {
       "pg_pid" => null,
       "pid" => posix_getpid(),
       "serial" => 0,
+      # lock
+      "locked" => false,
+      "date_lock" => null,
+      "date_release" => null,
+      # run
       "date_start" => $dateStart,
       "date_stop" => null,
       "exitcode" => null,
+      # action
       "action" => null,
       "action_date_start" => null,
       "action_current_step" => null,
@@ -60,6 +67,93 @@ class RunFile {
     return $data;
   }
 
+  protected function willWrite(): array {
+    $file = $this->file;
+    $file->lockWrite();
+    $data = $file->unserialize(null, false, true);
+    if (!is_array($data)) {
+      $data = $this->initData();
+      $file->ftruncate();
+      $file->serialize($data, false, true);
+    }
+    $file->ftruncate();
+    return [$file, $data];
+  }
+
+  protected function serialize(SharedFile $file, array $data, ?array $merge=null): void {
+    $file->serialize(self::merge($data, $merge), true, true);
+  }
+
+  protected function update(callable $func): void {
+    [$file, $data] = $this->willWrite();
+    $merge = call_user_func($func, $data);
+    $this->serialize($file, $data, $merge);
+  }
+
+  function haveWorked(int $serial, ?int &$currentSerial=null): bool {
+    $data = $this->read();
+    $currentSerial = $data["serial"];
+    return $serial !== $currentSerial;
+  }
+
+  #~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+  # verrouillage par défaut
+
+  function isLocked(?array &$data=null): bool {
+    $data = $this->read();
+    return $data["locked"];
+  }
+
+  function warnIfLocked(?array $data=null): bool {
+    if ($data === null) $data = $this->read();
+    if ($data["locked"]) {
+      msg::warning("$data[name]: possède le verrou depuis $data[date_lock]");
+      return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  function lock(): bool {
+    $this->update(function ($data) use (&$locked) {
+      if ($data["locked"]) {
+        $locked = false;
+        return null;
+      } else {
+        $locked = true;
+        return [
+          "locked" => true,
+          "date_lock" => new DateTime(),
+          "date_release" => null,
+        ];
+      }
+    });
+    return $locked;
+  }
+
+  function release(): void {
+    $this->update(function ($data) {
+      return [
+        "locked" => false,
+        "date_release" => new DateTime(),
+      ];
+    });
+  }
+
+  #~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+  # cycle de vie de l'application
+
+  /**
+   * indiquer que l'application démarre. l'état est entièrement réinitialisé,
+   * sauf le PID du leader qui est laissé en l'état
+   */
+  function wfStart(): void {
+    $this->update(function (array $data) {
+      return cl::merge($this->initData(), [
+        "pg_pid" => $data["pg_pid"],
+      ]);
+    });
+  }
+
   /** tester si l'application a déjà été démarrée */
   function wasStarted(): bool {
     $data = $this->read();
@@ -97,6 +191,13 @@ class RunFile {
     return true;
   }
 
+  /** indiquer que l'application s'arrête */
+  function wfStop(): void {
+    $this->update(function (array $data) {
+      return ["date_stop" => new DateTime()];
+    });
+  }
+
   /** tester si l'application est déjà été stoppée */
   function wasStopped(): bool {
     $data = $this->read();
@@ -109,46 +210,20 @@ class RunFile {
     return $data["date_start"] !== null && $data["date_stop"] !== null;
   }
 
-  function haveWorked(int $serial, ?int &$currentSerial=null): bool {
-    $data = $this->read();
-    $currentSerial = $data["serial"];
-    return $serial !== $currentSerial;
-  }
-
-  protected function willWrite(): array {
-    $file = $this->file;
-    $file->lockWrite();
-    $data = $file->unserialize(null, false, true);
-    if (!is_array($data)) {
-      $data = $this->initData();
-      $file->ftruncate();
-      $file->serialize($data, false, true);
-    }
-    $file->ftruncate();
-    return [$file, $data];
-  }
-
-  protected function serialize(SharedFile $file, array $data, ?array $merge=null): void {
-    $file->serialize(self::merge($data, $merge), true, true);
-  }
-
-  protected function update(callable $func): void {
-    [$file, $data] = $this->willWrite();
-    $merge = call_user_func($func, $data);
-    $this->serialize($file, $data, $merge);
-  }
-
-  /** indiquer que l'application démarre */
-  function start(): void {
-    $this->update(function (array $data) {
-      # garder l'identifiant de process
-      $pgPid = $data["pg_pid"] ?? null;
-      return cl::merge($this->initData(), [
-        "pg_pid" => $pgPid,
-      ]);
+  /** après l'arrêt de l'application, mettre à jour le code de retour */
+  function wfStopped(int $exitcode): void {
+    $this->update(function (array $data) use ($exitcode) {
+      return [
+        "pg_pid" => null,
+        "date_stop" => $data["date_stop"] ?? new DateTime(),
+        "exitcode" => $exitcode,
+      ];
     });
   }
 
+  #~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+  # gestion des actions
+
   /** indiquer le début d'une action */
   function action(?string $title, ?int $maxSteps=null): void {
     $this->update(function (array $data) use ($title, $maxSteps) {
@@ -171,23 +246,8 @@ class RunFile {
     });
   }
 
-  /** indiquer que l'application s'arrête */
-  function stop(): void {
-    $this->update(function (array $data) {
-      return ["date_stop" => new DateTime()];
-    });
-  }
-
-  /** après l'arrêt de l'application, mettre à jour le code de retour */
-  function stopped(int $exitcode): void {
-    $this->update(function (array $data) use ($exitcode) {
-      return [
-        "pg_pid" => null,
-        "date_stop" => $data["date_stop"] ?? new DateTime(),
-        "exitcode" => $exitcode,
-      ];
-    });
-  }
+  #~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+  # Divers
 
   function getLockFile(?string $name=null, ?string $title=null): LockFile {
     $ext = self::LOCK_EXT;
@@ -197,7 +257,10 @@ class RunFile {
     return new LockFile($file, $name, $title);
   }
 
-  /** démarrer un groupe de process */
+  #~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+  # Gestionnaire de tâches (tm_*)
+
+  /** démarrer un groupe de process dont le process courant est le leader */
   function tm_startPg(): void {
     $this->update(function (array $data) {
       posix_setsid();
diff --git a/src/app/launcher.php b/src/app/launcher.php
index fed08a5..5f2c877 100644
--- a/src/app/launcher.php
+++ b/src/app/launcher.php
@@ -17,13 +17,15 @@ class launcher {
     return $exitcode;
   }
 
-  static function _start(array $args, Runfile $runfile): void {
+  static function _start(array $args, Runfile $runfile): bool {
+    if ($runfile->isLocked()) return false;
     $pid = pcntl_fork();
     if ($pid == -1) {
       # parent, impossible de forker
       throw new StateException("unable to fork");
     } elseif ($pid) {
       # parent, fork ok
+      return true;
     } else {
       ## child, fork ok
       # Créer un groupe de process, pour pouvoir les tuer toutes en même temps
@@ -34,10 +36,12 @@ class launcher {
         $cmd = new Cmd($args);
         #XXX fichier de log?
         #XXX charger /g/init.env
+        $cmd->addSource("/g/init.env");
         $cmd->addRedir("null");
         $cmd->fork_exec($exitcode);
+        return true;
       } finally {
-        $runfile->stopped($exitcode);
+        $runfile->wfStopped($exitcode);
       }
     }
   }
@@ -72,7 +76,7 @@ class launcher {
         return;
       }
     }
-    $runfile->stopped(-778);
+    $runfile->wfStopped(-778);
     msg::asuccess();
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/os/proc/AbstractCmd.php b/src/os/proc/AbstractCmd.php
index 0c8ce12..ee3ee17 100644
--- a/src/os/proc/AbstractCmd.php
+++ b/src/os/proc/AbstractCmd.php
@@ -1,16 +1,17 @@
 <?php
 namespace nur\sery\os\proc;
 
-use nur\A;
-use nur\base;
+use nur\sery\A;
+use nur\sery\cv;
 use nur\sery\os\sh;
-use nur\shell;
 
 abstract class AbstractCmd implements ICmd {
   private bool $needsStdin;
 
   private bool $needsTty;
 
+  protected ?array $sources;
+
   protected ?array $vars;
 
   protected array $cmds;
@@ -18,6 +19,7 @@ abstract class AbstractCmd implements ICmd {
   function __construct() {
     $this->needsStdin = true;
     $this->needsTty = true;
+    $this->sources = null;
     $this->vars = null;
     $this->cmds = [];
   }
@@ -74,13 +76,27 @@ abstract class AbstractCmd implements ICmd {
     $this->needsTty = $needsTty;
   }
 
+  function addSource(?string $source, bool $onlyIfExists=true): void {
+    if ($source === null) return;
+    if (!$onlyIfExists || file_exists($source)) {
+      $source = implode(" ", ["source", sh::quote($source)]);
+      $this->sources[] = $source;
+    }
+  }
+
+  function getSources(?string $sep=null): ?string {
+    if ($this->sources === null) return null;
+    if ($sep === null) $sep = "\n";
+    return implode($sep, $this->sources);
+  }
+
   function addLiteralVars($vars, ?string $sep=null): void {
-    if (base::z($vars)) return;
+    if (cv::z($vars)) return;
     if (is_array($vars)) {
       if ($sep === null) $sep = "\n";
       $vars = implode($sep, $vars);
     }
-    A::append($this->vars, strval($vars));
+    $this->vars[] = strval($vars);
   }
 
   function addVars(?array $vars): void {
@@ -88,8 +104,8 @@ abstract class AbstractCmd implements ICmd {
     foreach ($vars as $name => $value) {
       $var = [];
       if (!is_array($value)) $var[] = "export ";
-      A::merge($var, [$name, "=", shell::quote($value)]);
-      A::append($this->vars, implode("", $var));
+      A::merge($var, [$name, "=", sh::quote($value)]);
+      $this->vars[] = implode("", $var);
     }
   }
 
@@ -106,7 +122,7 @@ abstract class AbstractCmd implements ICmd {
     if ($cmd instanceof ICmd) {
       $cmd->addPrefix($prefix);
     } elseif (is_array($prefix)) {
-      $prefix = shell::join($prefix);
+      $prefix = sh::join($prefix);
       $cmd = "$prefix $cmd";
     } else {
       $cmd = "$prefix $cmd";
@@ -167,8 +183,8 @@ abstract class AbstractCmd implements ICmd {
   }
 
   function system(string &$output=null, int &$retcode=null): bool {
-    $last_line = system($this->getCmd(), $retcode);
-    if ($last_line !== false) $output = $last_line;
+    $lastLine = system($this->getCmd(), $retcode);
+    if ($lastLine !== false) $output = $lastLine;
     return $retcode == 0;
   }
 
diff --git a/src/os/proc/AbstractCmdList.php b/src/os/proc/AbstractCmdList.php
index 7d7a7b6..cf5f7f2 100644
--- a/src/os/proc/AbstractCmdList.php
+++ b/src/os/proc/AbstractCmdList.php
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 <?php
 namespace nur\sery\os\proc;
 
-use nur\A;
-use nur\shell;
+use nur\sery\A;
+use nur\sery\os\sh;
 
 /**
  * Class AbstractCmdList: une séquence de commandes séparées par ;, && ou ||
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ abstract class AbstractCmdList extends AbstractCmd {
   function add($cmd, ?string $input=null, ?string $output=null): self {
     if ($cmd !== null) {
       if (!($cmd instanceof ICmd)) {
-        shell::fix_cmd($cmd, null, $input, $output);
+        sh::verifix_cmd($cmd, null, $input, $output);
       }
       $this->cmds[] = $cmd;
     }
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ abstract class AbstractCmdList extends AbstractCmd {
     if ($sep === null) $sep = "\n";
 
     $actualCmd = [];
+    A::append_nn($actualCmd, $this->getSources($sep));
     A::append_nn($actualCmd, $this->getVars($sep));
 
     $parts = [];
@@ -44,9 +45,8 @@ abstract class AbstractCmdList extends AbstractCmd {
       }
       $parts[] = $cmd;
     }
-    $psep = $this->sep;
-    if ($psep === null) $psep = $sep;
-    A::append($actualCmd, implode($psep, $parts));
+    $psep = $this->sep ?? $sep;
+    $actualCmd[] = implode($psep, $parts);
 
     return implode($sep, $actualCmd);
   }
diff --git a/src/os/proc/CmdPipe.php b/src/os/proc/CmdPipe.php
index 361eabe..9d911e5 100644
--- a/src/os/proc/CmdPipe.php
+++ b/src/os/proc/CmdPipe.php
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 <?php
 namespace nur\sery\os\proc;
 
-use nur\A;
-use nur\shell;
+use nur\sery\A;
+use nur\sery\os\sh;
 
 /**
  * Class CmdPipe: une suite de commandes qui doivent s'exécuter avec les sorties
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ class CmdPipe extends AbstractCmd {
   function add($cmd): self {
     if ($cmd !== null) {
       if (!($cmd instanceof ICmd)) {
-        shell::fix_cmd($cmd);
+        sh::verifix_cmd($cmd);
       }
       $this->cmds[] = $cmd;
     }
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ class CmdPipe extends AbstractCmd {
     if ($sep === null) $sep = "\n";
 
     $actualCmd = [];
+    A::append_nn($actualCmd, $this->getSources($sep));
     A::append_nn($actualCmd, $this->getVars($sep));
 
     $parts = [];
@@ -73,7 +74,7 @@ class CmdPipe extends AbstractCmd {
       if ($output !== null) $parts[] = ">".escapeshellarg($output);
       $cmd = implode(" ", $parts);
     }
-    A::append($actualCmd, $cmd);
+    $actualCmd[] = $cmd;
 
     return implode($sep, $actualCmd);
   }
diff --git a/src/wip/app/app.php b/src/wip/app/app.php
index c472cf6..f0455a4 100644
--- a/src/wip/app/app.php
+++ b/src/wip/app/app.php
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ use nur\sery\app\LockFile;
 use nur\sery\app\RunFile;
 use nur\sery\os\path;
 use nur\sery\os\sh;
+use nur\sery\str;
 use nur\sery\ValueException;
 
 class app {
@@ -67,7 +68,11 @@ class app {
     $this->projdir = $projdir = path::abspath($params["projdir"] ?? ".");
     $this->appcode = $appcode = $params["appcode"] ?? "app";
     $this->apptype = $apptype = $params["apptype"] ?? "cli";
-    $this->name = $params["name"] ?? $appcode;
+    # si $name est une classe, enlever le package et normaliser
+    $name = $params["name"] ?? $appcode;
+    $name = preg_replace('/.*\\\\/', "", $name);
+    $name = str::without_suffix("-app", str::camel2us($name));
+    $this->name = $name;
     $this->title = $params["title"] ?? null;
     $appcode = strtoupper($appcode);
     # profile