diff --git a/src/app/cli/ArgDef.php b/src/app/cli/ArgDef.php
index 6036578..614414d 100644
--- a/src/app/cli/ArgDef.php
+++ b/src/app/cli/ArgDef.php
@@ -12,27 +12,61 @@ class ArgDef {
   const ARGS_NONE = 0, ARGS_MANDATORY = 1, ARGS_OPTIONAL = 2;
   const ACTION_SET = 0, ACTION_INC = 1, ACTION_DEC = 2, ACTION_FUNC = 3;
 
-  protected static function parse_def(ArgDef $dest, array $def): void {
+  function __construct(array $def) {
+    $this->def = $def;
+    $this->mergeParse($def);
+  }
+
+  protected array $def;
+
+  protected function mergeParse(array $def): void {
+    $defaults = $defs["defaults"] ?? null;
+    if ($defaults !== null) $this->mergeParse($defaults);
+
+    $this->parse($def);
+
+    $merges = $defs["merges"] ?? null;
+    $merge = $defs["merge"] ?? null;
+    if ($merge !== null) $merges[] = $merge;
+    if ($merges !== null) {
+      foreach ($merges as $merge) {
+        if ($merge !== null) $this->mergeParse($merge);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  protected ?bool $ensureArray = null;
+  protected ?int $action = null;
+  protected ?func $func = null;
+  protected ?bool $inverse = null;
+  protected $value = null;
+  protected ?string $name = null;
+  protected ?string $property = null;
+  protected ?string $key = null;
+
+  protected function parse(array $def): void {
     [$options, $params] = cl::split_assoc($def);
 
+    $this->extends = $params["extends"] ?? null;
+
     $args = $params["args"] ?? null;
     $args ??= $params["arg"] ?? null;
     if ($args === true) $args = 1;
     elseif ($args === "*") $args = [null];
     elseif ($args === "+") $args = ["value", null];
     if (is_int($args)) $args = array_fill(0, $args, "value");
-    $dest->args ??= cl::withn($args);
+    $this->args ??= cl::withn($args);
 
-    $dest->argsdesc ??= $params["argsdesc"] ?? null;
+    $this->argsdesc ??= $params["argsdesc"] ?? null;
 
+    $this->disabled = vbool::withn($params["disabled"] ?? null);
     $adds = varray::withn($params["add"] ?? null);
-    A::merge($dest->adds, $adds);
-    A::merge($dest->adds, $options);
+    A::merge($this->adds, $adds);
+    A::merge($this->adds, $options);
     $removes = varray::withn($params["remove"] ?? null);
-    A::merge($dest->removes, $removes);
-    $dest->disabled = vbool::withn($params["disabled"] ?? null);
+    A::merge($this->removes, $removes);
 
-    $dest->ensureArray ??= $params["ensure_array"] ?? null;
+    $this->ensureArray ??= $params["ensure_array"] ?? null;
     $action = $params["action"] ?? null;
     if ($action !== null) {
       $func = null;
@@ -51,72 +85,44 @@ class ArgDef {
         $action = self::ACTION_FUNC;
         break;
       }
-      $dest->action ??= $action;
-      $dest->func ??= $func;
+      $this->action ??= $action;
+      $this->func ??= $func;
     }
-    $dest->inverse ??= $params["inverse"] ?? false;
-    $dest->value ??= $params["value"] ?? null;
-    $dest->name ??= $params["name"] ?? null;
-    $dest->property ??= $params["property"] ?? null;
-    $dest->key ??= $params["key"] ?? null;
+    $this->inverse ??= $params["inverse"] ?? null;
+    $this->value ??= $params["value"] ?? null;
+    $this->name ??= $params["name"] ?? null;
+    $this->property ??= $params["property"] ?? null;
+    $this->key ??= $params["key"] ?? null;
 
-    $dest->help ??= $params["help"] ?? null;
+    $this->help ??= $params["help"] ?? null;
   }
 
-  protected static function merge_parse_def(ArgDef $dest, array $def, ?ArgDefs $argDefs=null): void {
-    $defaults = $defs["defaults"] ?? null;
-    if (is_string($defaults)) $defaults = $argDefs->getArgDef($defaults)->origDef;
-    if ($defaults !== null) self::merge_parse_def($dest, $defaults);
-
-    self::parse_def($dest, $def);
-
-    $merges = $defs["merges"] ?? null;
-    $merge = $defs["merge"] ?? null;
-    if ($merge !== null) $merges[] = $merge;
-    if ($merges !== null) {
-      foreach ($merges as $merge) {
-        if (is_string($merge)) $merge = $argDefs->getArgDef($merge)->origDef;
-        if ($merge !== null) self::merge_parse_def($dest, $merge);
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  function __construct(array $def, ?ArgDefs $argDefs=null) {
-    $this->origDef = $def;
-    self::merge_parse_def($this, $def, $argDefs);
-  }
-
-  protected array $origDef;
-
   public bool $isHelp = false;
   public bool $isRemains = false;
   public bool $haveShortOptions = false;
   public bool $haveLongOptions = false;
-  public bool $haveCommands = false;
+  public bool $isCommand = false;
 
   public bool $haveArgs = false;
   public ?int $minArgs = null;
   public ?int $maxArgs = null;
   public ?string $argsdesc = null;
 
+  protected ?bool $disabled = null;
   protected ?array $options = [];
 
   function getOptions(): array {
-    return array_keys($this->options);
+    if ($this->disabled) return [];
+    else return array_keys($this->options);
   }
 
   protected ?array $removes = null;
   protected ?array $adds = null;
-  protected ?bool $disabled = null;
 
   /** traiter le paramètre parent */
   function processOptions(): void {
-    if ($this->disabled) {
-      $this->options = [];
-    } else {
-      $this->removeOptions($this->removes);
-      $this->addOptions($this->adds);
-    }
+    $this->removeOptions($this->removes);
+    $this->addOptions($this->adds);
   }
 
   function addOptions(?array $options): void {
@@ -205,7 +211,7 @@ class ArgDef {
   protected function updateType(): void {
     $haveShortOptions = false;
     $haveLongOptions = false;
-    $haveCommands = false;
+    $isCommand = false;
     $isHelp = false;
     $isRemains = true;
     foreach ($this->options as $option) {
@@ -218,18 +224,48 @@ class ArgDef {
         $haveLongOptions = true;
         break;
       case self::TYPE_COMMAND:
-        $haveCommands = true;
+        $isCommand = true;
         break;
       }
       if ($option["option"] === "--help") $isHelp = true;
     }
     $this->haveShortOptions = $haveShortOptions;
     $this->haveLongOptions = $haveLongOptions;
-    $this->haveCommands = $haveCommands;
+    $this->isCommand = $isCommand;
     $this->isHelp = $isHelp;
     $this->isRemains = $isRemains;
   }
 
+  public ?array $extends = null;
+
+  function isExtends(): bool {
+    return $this->extends !== null;
+  }
+
+  function processExtends(ArgDefs $argDefs): void {
+    $option = $this->extends[0] ?? null;
+    if ($option === null) {
+      throw new ArgException("extends: missing destination arg");
+    }
+    $dest = $argDefs->get($option);
+    if ($dest === null) {
+      throw new ArgException("$option: invalid destination arg");
+    }
+
+    if ($this->ensureArray !== null) $dest->ensureArray = $this->ensureArray;
+    if ($this->action !== null) $dest->action = $this->action;
+    if ($this->func !== null) $dest->func = $this->func;
+    if ($this->inverse !== null) $dest->inverse = $this->inverse;
+    if ($this->value !== null) $dest->value = $this->value;
+    if ($this->name !== null) $dest->name = $this->name;
+    if ($this->property !== null) $dest->property = $this->property;
+    if ($this->key !== null) $dest->key = $this->key;
+
+    A::merge($dest->removes, $this->removes);
+    A::merge($dest->adds, $this->adds);
+    $dest->processOptions();
+  }
+
   protected ?array $args = null;
 
   /**
@@ -330,15 +366,6 @@ class ArgDef {
     $this->argsdesc = implode(" ", $argsdesc);
   }
 
-  protected ?bool $ensureArray = null;
-  protected ?int $action = null;
-  protected ?func $func = null;
-  protected bool $inverse = false;
-  protected $value = null;
-  protected ?string $name = null;
-  protected ?string $property = null;
-  protected ?string $key = null;
-
   private static function get_longest(array $options, int $type): ?string {
     $longest = null;
     $maxlen = 0;
diff --git a/src/app/cli/ArgDefs.php b/src/app/cli/ArgDefs.php
index 55c61ad..1a35879 100644
--- a/src/app/cli/ArgDefs.php
+++ b/src/app/cli/ArgDefs.php
@@ -2,68 +2,58 @@
 namespace nulib\app\cli;
 
 use nulib\cl;
-use nulib\php\types\vbool;
 
 abstract class ArgDefs {
-  protected static function parse_defs(SimpleArgDefs $dest, array $defs, ?array &$argDefs): void {
-    [$defs, $params] = cl::split_assoc($defs);
-
-    # méta-informations
-    $dest->prefix ??= $params["prefix"] ?? null;
-    $dest->name ??= $params["name"] ?? null;
-    $dest->purpose ??= $params["purpose"] ?? null;
-    $dest->usage ??= $params["usage"] ?? null;
-    $dest->description ??= $params["description"] ?? null;
-    $dest->suffix ??= $params["suffix"] ?? null;
-
-    $dest->commandname ??= $params["commandname"] ?? null;
-    $dest->commandproperty ??= $params["commandproperty"] ?? null;
-    $dest->commandkey ??= $params["commandkey"] ?? null;
-
-    $dest->argsname ??= $params["argsname"] ?? null;
-    $dest->argsproperty ??= $params["argsproperty"] ?? null;
-    $dest->argskey ??= $params["argskey"] ?? null;
-
-    $dest->autohelp ??= vbool::withn($params["autohelp"] ?? null);
-    $dest->autoremains ??= vbool::withn($params["autoremains"] ?? null);
-
-    # définition des options
-    foreach ($defs as $def) {
-      $argDefs[] = new ArgDef($def, $dest);
-    }
+  function __construct(array $defs) {
+    $this->defs = $defs;
+    $this->mergeParse($defs, $argDefs);
+    $this->addAll($argDefs);
   }
 
-  protected static function merge_parse_defs(SimpleArgDefs $dest, array $defs, ?array &$argDefs): void {
-    $defaults = $defs["defaults"] ?? null;
-    if ($defaults !== null) self::merge_parse_defs($dest, $defaults, $argDefs);
+  protected array $defs;
 
-    self::parse_defs($dest, $defs, $argDefs);
+  protected function mergeParse(array $defs, ?array &$argDefs): void {
+    $defaults = $defs["defaults"] ?? null;
+    if ($defaults !== null) $this->mergeParse($defaults, $argDefs);
+
+    $this->parse($defs, $argDefs);
 
     $merges = $defs["merges"] ?? null;
     $merge = $defs["merge"] ?? null;
     if ($merge !== null) $merges[] = $merge;
-    if ($merges !== null) self::merge_parse_defs($dest, $merges, $argDefs);
+    if ($merges !== null) $this->mergeParse($merges, $argDefs);
   }
 
-  public ?string $prefix = null;
-  public ?string $name = null;
-  public ?string $purpose = null;
-  public ?string $usage = null;
-  public ?string $description = null;
-  public ?string $suffix = null;
+  protected function parseParams(?array $params): void {
+  }
 
-  public ?string $commandname = null;
-  public ?string $commandproperty = null;
-  public ?string $commandkey = null;
+  protected function parse(array $defs, ?array &$argDefs): void {
+    [$defs, $params] = cl::split_assoc($defs);
+    foreach ($defs as $def) {
+      $argDefs[] = new ArgDef($def);
+    }
+    $this->parseParams($params);
+  }
 
-  public ?string $argsname = null;
-  public ?string $argsproperty = null;
-  public ?string $argskey = null;
+  protected array $all;
 
-  public ?bool $autohelp = null;
-  public ?bool $autoremains = null;
+  protected function addAll(?array $argDefs): void {
+    $this->all = $argDefs ?? [];
+  }
 
-  abstract function getArgDef(string $option): ?ArgDef;
+  function all(): array {
+    return array_filter($this->all, function (ArgDef $argDef) {
+      return !$argDef->isEmpty();
+    });
+  }
+
+  function isEmpty(): bool {
+    return !$this->all();
+  }
+
+  function get(string $option): ?ArgDef {
+    return null;
+  }
 
   /**
    * consommer les arguments de $src en avançant l'index $srci et provisionner
@@ -116,5 +106,7 @@ abstract class ArgDefs {
     }
   }
   
-  abstract function normalize(array $args): array;
+  function normalize(array $args): array {
+    return $args;
+  }
 }
diff --git a/src/app/cli/ArgGroup.php b/src/app/cli/ArgGroup.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8a425e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/app/cli/ArgGroup.php
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+<?php
+namespace nulib\app\cli;
+
+class ArgGroup extends ArgDefs {
+}
diff --git a/src/app/cli/ArgSection.php b/src/app/cli/ArgSection.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3e564ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/app/cli/ArgSection.php
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+<?php
+namespace nulib\app\cli;
+
+use nulib\php\types\vbool;
+
+class ArgSection extends ArgDefs {
+  public bool $show = true;
+  public ?string $prefix = null;
+  public ?string $title = null;
+  public ?string $description = null;
+  public ?string $suffix = null;
+
+  protected function parseParams(?array $params): void {
+    $this->show = vbool::with($section["show"] ?? true);
+    $this->prefix ??= $params["prefix"] ?? null;
+    $this->title ??= $params["name"] ?? null;
+    $this->description ??= $params["description"] ?? null;
+    $this->suffix ??= $params["suffix"] ?? null;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/app/cli/SimpleArgDefs.php b/src/app/cli/SimpleArgDefs.php
index e4e990f..4bf3d50 100644
--- a/src/app/cli/SimpleArgDefs.php
+++ b/src/app/cli/SimpleArgDefs.php
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 <?php
 namespace nulib\app\cli;
 
+use nulib\php\types\vbool;
+
 /**
  * Class SimpleArgDefs: une définition simple des arguments et des options
  * valides d'un programme: les commandes ne sont pas supportées, ni les suites
@@ -12,38 +14,87 @@ namespace nulib\app\cli;
  *   cmd1 -x // cmd2 -y   n'est PAS supporté
  */
 class SimpleArgDefs extends ArgDefs {
-  function __construct(array $defs) {
-    self::merge_parse_defs($this, $defs, $argDefs);
+  public ?string $prefix = null;
+  public ?string $name = null;
+  public ?string $purpose = null;
+  public ?string $usage = null;
+  public ?string $description = null;
+  public ?string $suffix = null;
 
-    # calculer les fusions
-    foreach ($argDefs as $argDef) {
-      /** @var ArgDef $argDef */
-      $argDef->processOptions();
-    }
+  public ?string $commandname = null;
+  public ?string $commandproperty = null;
+  public ?string $commandkey = null;
 
-    # indexer les arguments
-    $index = [];
-    foreach ($argDefs as $argDef) {
-      $options = $argDef->getOptions();
-      foreach ($options as $option) {
-        if (array_key_exists($option, $index)) {
-          $index[$option]->removeOption($option);
-        }
-        $index[$option] = $argDef;
-      }
-    }
+  public ?string $argsname = null;
+  public ?string $argsproperty = null;
+  public ?string $argskey = null;
 
-    foreach ($argDefs as $argDef) {
-      $argDef->processArgs();
-      $argDef->processAction();
-    }
+  public ?bool $autohelp = null;
+  public ?bool $autoremains = null;
 
-    $this->index = $index;
+  protected function parseParams(?array $params): void {
+    # méta-informations
+    $this->prefix ??= $params["prefix"] ?? null;
+    $this->name ??= $params["name"] ?? null;
+    $this->purpose ??= $params["purpose"] ?? null;
+    $this->usage ??= $params["usage"] ?? null;
+    $this->description ??= $params["description"] ?? null;
+    $this->suffix ??= $params["suffix"] ?? null;
+
+    $this->commandname ??= $params["commandname"] ?? null;
+    $this->commandproperty ??= $params["commandproperty"] ?? null;
+    $this->commandkey ??= $params["commandkey"] ?? null;
+
+    $this->argsname ??= $params["argsname"] ?? null;
+    $this->argsproperty ??= $params["argsproperty"] ?? null;
+    $this->argskey ??= $params["argskey"] ?? null;
+
+    $this->autohelp ??= vbool::withn($params["autohelp"] ?? null);
+    $this->autoremains ??= vbool::withn($params["autoremains"] ?? null);
   }
 
   protected array $index;
 
-  function getArgDef(string $option): ?ArgDef {
+  protected function addAll(?array $argDefs): void {
+    parent::addAll($argDefs);
+    $index = [];
+    if ($argDefs !== null) {
+      # calculer les fusions
+      foreach ($argDefs as $argDef) {
+        /** @var ArgDef $argDef */
+        if (!$argDef->isExtends()) {
+          $argDef->processOptions();
+        }
+      }
+      foreach ($argDefs as $argDef) {
+        /** @var ArgDef $argDef */
+        if ($argDef->isExtends()) {
+          $argDef->processExtends($this);
+        }
+      }
+
+      # indexer les arguments
+      foreach ($argDefs as $argDef) {
+        if ($argDef->isExtends()) continue;
+        $options = $argDef->getOptions();
+        foreach ($options as $option) {
+          /** @var ArgDef $prevArgDef */
+          $prevArgDef = $index[$option] ?? null;
+          if ($prevArgDef !== null) $prevArgDef->removeOption($option);
+          $index[$option] = $argDef;
+        }
+      }
+
+      foreach ($argDefs as $argDef) {
+        if ($argDef->isExtends()) continue;
+        $argDef->processArgs();
+        $argDef->processAction();
+      }
+    }
+    $this->index = $index;
+  }
+
+  function get(string $option): ?ArgDef {
     return $this->index[$option] ?? null;
   }
 
diff --git a/src/app/cli/TODO.md b/src/app/cli/TODO.md
index a2bfd9d..44c1be5 100644
--- a/src/app/cli/TODO.md
+++ b/src/app/cli/TODO.md
@@ -10,8 +10,6 @@ faire une implémentation SimpleArgsParser qui ne supporte pas les commandes, un
 
 puis faire une implémentation ArgsParser qui supporte les commandes, et les options dynamiques
 
-## WIP
-
 documenter que dans les cas simples, on peut tout simplement refaire la définition, e.g
 ~~~php
 [
@@ -20,4 +18,9 @@ documenter que dans les cas simples, on peut tout simplement refaire la définit
 ]
 ~~~
 
+ajouter le support des sections, la section par défaut ayant la clé `0` (c'est
+la première section définie implicitement)
+
+ajouter le support des groupes
+
 -*- coding: utf-8 mode: markdown -*- vim:sw=4:sts=4:et:ai:si:sta:fenc=utf-8:noeol:binary
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/schema/TODO.md b/src/schema/TODO.md
index c318ab2..b6d7505 100644
--- a/src/schema/TODO.md
+++ b/src/schema/TODO.md
@@ -100,5 +100,18 @@
   valeurs séquentielles sont des clés du schéma", soit un mode automatique
   activé par un paramètre où une valeur `"val"` devient `"val"=>true` si la clé
   "val" existe dans le schéma
+* pour les schémas associatifs, support de la définition de valeurs de suite avec
+  la clé "..." e.g
+  ~~~php
+  const SCHEMA = [
+    "a" => "string",
+    "b" => "bool",
+    "..." => "int",
+  ];
+  # pourrait modéliser ["first", true, 1, 2, 3]
+  ~~~
+  et on aurait alors `[[type]]` qui est équivalent à `["..." => type]`
+  et donc ListSchema est un cas particulier de AssocSchema (qui pourrait être
+  renommé ArraySchema)
 
 -*- coding: utf-8 mode: markdown -*- vim:sw=4:sts=4:et:ai:si:sta:fenc=utf-8:noeol:binary
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/app/cli/ArgDefTest.php b/tests/app/cli/ArgDefTest.php
index 0171f1e..aaea1a0 100644
--- a/tests/app/cli/ArgDefTest.php
+++ b/tests/app/cli/ArgDefTest.php
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ class ArgDefTest extends TestCase {
   protected static function assertArg(
     ArgDef $argDef,
     array  $options,
-    bool   $haveShortOptions, bool $haveLongOptions, bool $haveCommands,
+    bool   $haveShortOptions, bool $haveLongOptions, bool $isCommand,
     bool   $haveArgs, ?int $minArgs, ?int $maxArgs, ?string $argsdesc
   ) {
     $argDef->processOptions();
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ class ArgDefTest extends TestCase {
     self::assertSame($options, $argDef->getOptions());
     self::assertSame($haveShortOptions, $argDef->haveShortOptions, "haveShortOptions");
     self::assertSame($haveLongOptions, $argDef->haveLongOptions, "haveLongOptions");
-    self::assertSame($haveCommands, $argDef->haveCommands, "haveCommands");
+    self::assertSame($isCommand, $argDef->isCommand, "isCommand");
     self::assertSame($haveArgs, $argDef->haveArgs, "haveArgs");
     self::assertSame($minArgs, $argDef->minArgs, "minArgs");
     self::assertSame($maxArgs, $argDef->maxArgs, "maxArgs");